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|Section2= |Section3= |Section7= |Section8= }} Barium sulfide is the inorganic compound with the formula BaS. BaS is an important precursor to other barium compounds including BaCO3 and the pigment lithopone, ZnS/BaSO4.〔Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.〕 Like other chalcogenides of the alkaline earth metals, BaS is a short wavelength emitters for electronic displays.〔Vij, D. R.; Singh, N. "Optical and electrical properties of II-VI wide gap semiconducting barium sulfide" ''Proceedings of SPIE'' (1992), 1523 (Conf. Phys. Technol. Semicond. Devices Integr. Circuits, 1992), 608-12.〕 It is colorless, although like many sulfides, it is commonly obtained in impure colored forms. ==Discovery, production, properties== The BaS was prepared by Vincentius (or Vincentinus) Casciarolus (or Casciorolus, 1571-1624) via reduction of BaSO4 (available as the mineral barite).〔F. Licetus, Litheosphorus, sive de lapide Bononiensi lucem in se conceptam ab ambiente claro mox in tenebris mire conservante, Utini, ex typ. N. Schiratti, 1640. See http://www.chem.leeds.ac.uk/delights/texts/Demonstration_21.htm〕 It is currently manufactured by an improved version of Casciarolus's route using coke in place of flour. This kind of conversion is called a carbothermic reaction: :BaSO4 + 2 C → BaS + 2 CO2 The phosphorescence of the material made by Casciarolus made it a curiosity and various alchemists and chemists made experiments with the material which was known as ''Lapis Boloniensis'', ''Chrysolapis'' or ''bologna stone''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Lapis Boloniensis )〕 Andreas Sigismund Marggraf showed that calcite and gypsum were not very suitable for the production of the ''bologna stone'', but a special heavy fluorspar, in the end he concluded that calcium sulfate is the material from which the ''bologna stone'' is made. Recent investigations have shown that naturally occurring impurities of copper in the barium sulfide produced from barium sulfate deposits near Bologna are the likely cause of the phosphorescence. BaS crystallizes with the NaCl structure, featuring octahedral Ba2+ and S2− centres. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Barium sulfide」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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